Kaolin is a clay rock, formed by weathering or hydrothermal alteration of mica-feldspar rocks. It is occurring “in situ” or re-depositing in the aquatic environment. Kaolin consists of kaolinite (Al2O3 × 2SiO2 × 2H2O) and subordinate amounts of other clay minerals mixed with quartz, feldspar, mica, iron and titanium oxides.

Kaolin has high fire resistance, chemical inertness, dispersion and low dielectric capacitivity, so that it is the most all-around type of mineral source, contributing to the homogeneity and stability of the technological properties of manufactured based on it materials and improving products quality.

Kaolin is used in manufacture of paper, ceramics, refractory materials, paints, fiber-glass, plastics, rubber, sealants, adhesives, etc. The most important for kaolin industry is the level and tendency of paper production.